Paul Klee

Biografie
1879 - 1940

Uber den Künstler

Paul Klee (December 18, 1879, Münchenbuchsee, Switzerland—June 29, 1940, Muralto, near Locarno) was a prolific Swiss and German artist who was influenced by cubism, expressionism and surrealism.

Paul Klee, the son of a music teacher, was a talented violinist. When he was a teenager, Klee’s attention turned from music to the visual arts. In 1898 he studied at the Academy of Fine Arts in Munich. From 1903 to 1905, he completed a set of etchings called Inventions that would be his first exhibited works. Klee’s artwork progressed slowly for the next five years. In 1910, he had his first solo exhibition in Bern, which subsequently traveled to three Swiss cities. After meeting the art critic Alfred Kubin in 1911, he was introduced to various artists and critics. Klee joined the editorial team of the journal Der Blaue Reiter, co-founded by Franz Marc and Wassily Kandinsky. He began working on color experiments in watercolors and landscapes, including the painting In the Quarry.

Klee’s artistic breakthrough came in 1914, after a visit to Tunisia. Inspired by the light in Tunis, Klee began to make abstract art. Klee’s work evolved during World War I, particularly following the deaths of his friends Auguste Macke and Franz Marc. By 1917, art critics considered Klee one of the best young German artists. A three-year contract with dealer Hans Goltz brought commercial success. Klee was a teacher at the Bauhaus between 1921 and 1931, alongside his friend Kandinsky. In 1923, Kandinsky and Klee formed the Blue Four with two other artists, Alexej von Jawlensky and Lyonel Feininger, and toured the United States to lecture and exhibit work. Klee had his first shows in Paris around this time, finding favor with the French surrealists. Klee started to teach at Düsseldorf Academy in 1931.

The Klee family moved to Switzerland in late 1933, when he was fired under Nazi rule. Klee was at the peak of his creative output during this tumultuous period. He produced nearly 500 works in a single year and created Ad Parnassum, widely considered to be his masterpiece.

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